Inkuru y’ Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO) iheruka gusohoka ku itariki ya 12 Nzeri 2025 igaragaza ko indwara ya cholera ikomeje kwica abantu benshi ku mwaka wa kabiri wikurikiranya, nubwo uburyo bwo kuyirinda no kuyivura buboneka. Imibare y’agateganyo yerekanye ko mu mwaka wa 2024 abarwaye biyongereyeho 5% ugereranyije na 2023, mu gihe abapfuye bo bazamutseho 50%. Ibi byagaragaje ko indwara ishobora kwirindwa no kuvurwa ikomeje guteza ikibazo gikomeye ku isi.
Impamvu nyamukuru zituma cholera ikomeza gufata indi ntera zirimo amakimbirane, impinduka z’ikirere, kwimuka kw’abantu n’ubuke bw’amazi meza, isuku n’imyanya rusange itunganyije. Ibi byose byagize ingaruka ku rwego rw’ubuzima, aho ubushobozi bwo kwakira abarwayi bukiri hasi cyane, bityo bikaba bituma urupfu rwiyongera. Mu mwaka wa 2024, Afurika yagaragaje izamuka ry’igitsure aho igipimo cy’abapfuye cyavuye kuri 1.4% muri 2023 kikagera kuri 1.9% muri 2024. Byongeye kandi, igice kimwe cya kane cy’abapfuye cyapfuye bari mu ngo zabo cyangwa mu bice batageze ku bigo nderabuzima, bigaragaza icyuho gikomeye mu kwegereza abaturage ubuvuzi bwihuse.
Hari intambwe zimwe zatewe mu rwego rwo guhangana n’iki kibazo. Mu ntangiriro za 2024, hatangajwe urukingo rushya rwa cholera rwo mu kanwa rwitwa Euvichol-S® rwinjiye mu bubiko bw’isi. Gusa kubera ubusabe bwinshi bw’inkingo, inzego z’ubuzima zatekereje uburyo bwo guha abarwayi dozi imwe gusa mu gihe cy’ubutabazi aho guhabwa ebyiri, kugira ngo rukwirakwire henshi bishoboke. Mu mwaka wa 2024, ibihugu 61 byasabye izi nkingo, naho gahunda z’ubutabazi zashyizwe mu bikorwa mu bihugu 16, zikoresha dozi zirenga miliyoni 40.
WHO yatangaje ko ibyago bya cholera ku rwego rw’isi bikiri hejuru cyane. Ubu iri gufasha ibihugu binyuranye mu gusuzuma no gukumira indwara, gutanga ubuvuzi bwihuse, gutegura inkingo no kongera ubukangurambaga mu baturage. Ibyo byose bigomba gushyigikirwa no kongera imbaraga mu bikorwa remezo by’amazi meza n’isuku, gukangurira abaturage uburyo bwo kwirinda no gufata ingamba z’isuku ku rwego rw’umuryango, no gukomeza gukora igenzura rikomeye mu gutahura no guhangana n’ibiza bya cholera hakiri kare.
Nubwo cholera ari indwara ishobora kwirindwa kandi igakira byoroshye igihe umurwayi avuwe hakiri kare, imibare yerekana ko hakenewe ingamba zihamye n’ubufatanye ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Guharanira ko amazi meza aboneka, ko ubuvuzi bwegerezwa abaturage ndetse n’inkingo zitangwa ku gihe ni ingenzi mu kugabanya urupfu rukomeje guterwa n’iyi ndwara.